DNS Installation

DNS

Domain Name System (or Service or Server), an Internet service that translates domain names into IP addresses. Because domain names are alphabetic, they're easier to remember. The Internet however, is really based on IP addresses. Every time you use a domain name, therefore, a DNS service must translate the name into the corresponding IP address. For example, the domain name www.example.com might translate to 198.105.232.4.

The Domain Name System makes it possible to assign domain names to groups of Internet users in a meaningful way, independent of each user's physical location. Because of this, World-Wide Web (WWW) hyperlinks and Internet contact information can remain consistent and constant even if the current Internet routing arrangements change or the participant uses a mobile device. Internet domain names are easier to remember than IP addresses such as 208.77.188.166 (IPv4) or 2001:db8:1f70::999:de8:7648:6e8 (IPv6). People take advantage of this when they recite meaningful URLs and e-mail addresses without having to know how the machine will actually locate them.

The Domain Name System distributes the responsibility of assigning domain names and mapping those names to IP addresses by designating authoritative name servers for each domain. Authoritative name servers are assigned to be responsible for their particular domains, and in turn can assign other authoritative name servers for their sub-domains. This mechanism has made the DNS distributed, fault tolerant, and helped avoid the need for a single central register to be continually consulted and updated.

In general, the Domain Name System also stores other types of information, such as the list of mail servers that accept email for a given Internet domain. By providing a world-wide, distributed keyword-based redirection service, the Domain Name System is an essential component of the functionality of the Internet.

Other identifiers such as RFID tags, UPC codes, International characters in email addresses and host names, and a variety of other identifiers could all potentially utilize DNS .

The Domain Name System also defines the technical underpinnings of the functionality of this database service. For this purpose it defines the DNS protocol, a detailed specification of the data structures and communication exchanges used in DNS, as part of the Internet Protocol Suite (TCP/IP). The DNS protocol was developed and defined in the early 1980s and published by the Internet Engineering Task Force.

DNS Servers

The Domain Name System is maintained by a distributed database system, which uses the client-server model. The nodes of this database are the name servers. Each domain or subdomain has one or more authoritative DNS servers that publish information about that domain and the name servers of any domains subordinate to it. The top of the hierarchy is served by the root nameservers: the servers to query when looking up (resolving) a top-level domain name .

DNS Resolvers

The client-side of the DNS is called a DNS resolver. It is responsible for initiating and sequencing the queries that ultimately lead to a full resolution (translation) of the resource sought, e.g., translation of a domain name into an IP address.

A DNS query may be either a recursive query or a non-recursive query:

• A non-recursive query is one in which the DNS server may provide a partial answer to the query (or give an error).
• A recursive query is one where the DNS server will fully answer the query (or give an error). DNS servers are not required to support recursive queries.

The resolver (or another DNS server acting recursively on behalf of the resolver) negotiates use of recursive service using bits in the query headers.

Resolving usually entails iterating through several name servers to find the needed information. However, some resolvers function simplistically and can communicate only with a single name server. These simple resolvers rely on a recursive query to a recursive name server to perform the work of finding information for them.

Steps To Install DNS

1. FOR DNS CONFIGURATION CLICK ON START-->PROGRAMS-->ADMINISTRATIVE TOOLS-->DNS

  2. DNS MANAGEMENT CONSOLE WILL OPEN IN FRONT OF YOU 

3. HERE BY DEFAULT YOU WILL SEE A DNS SERVER IS CREATED “CUR” WHILE INSTALLING ACTIVE DIRECTORY

4. RIGHT CLICK ON CUR-->CONFIGURE A DNS SERVER

5. WELCOME TO THE CONFIGURE A DNS SERVER WIZARD WILL OPEN IN FRONT OF YOU-->NEXT

6. CHECK-->CREATE A FORWARD LOOKUP ZONE or YOU CAN ALSO SELECT 2^ND OPTION “FORWARD AS WELL AS REVERSE LOOKUP ZONE” FOR SHARING OF DATA ON NETWORK-->NEXT 

7.SELECT THIS SERVER MAINTAINS THE ZONE-->NEXT

8. TYPE THE NAME OF THE “DOMAIN” WHICH YOU WANT TO MAKE AS A ZONE-->NEXT

9. HERE YOU CAN SELECT EITHER 1^ST OPTION or 2^ND OPTION, GNERALLY 1^ST IS RECOMMENDE-->NEXT

10. HERE SELECT THE 1^ST OPTION AND ENTER THE IP ADDRESS OF THE DOMAIN (ex. 220.120.100.11)-THIS IS THE IP ADDRESS OF THE DOMAIN SERVER ( DON’T GIVE THIS IP-ADDRESS its an example , CHOOSE SOMETHING DIFFERENT depending upon requirements) -->NEXT

   11. NOW CLICK ON “FINISH

12. FINALLY YOU WILL SEE A CONFIGURED DNS SERVER IN THE DNS MANAGEMENT CONSOLE

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